| 159 BC by topic | |
| Politics | |
| State leaders – Sovereign states | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Gregorian calendar | 159 BC |
| Ab urbe condita | 595 |
| Armenian calendar | N/A |
| Assyrian calendar | 4592 |
| Bahá'í calendar | -2002–-2001 |
| Bengali calendar | -751 |
| Berber calendar | 792 |
| English Regnal year | N/A |
| Buddhist calendar | 386 |
| Burmese calendar | -796 |
| Byzantine calendar | 5350–5351 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛巳年 (2478/2538) — to —
壬午年(2479/2539) |
| Coptic calendar | -442–-441 |
| Ethiopian calendar | -166–-165 |
| Hebrew calendar | 3602–3603 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | -102–-101 |
| - Shaka Samvat | N/A |
| - Kali Yuga | 2943–2944 |
| Holocene calendar | 9842 |
| Iranian calendar | 780 BP – 779 BP |
| Islamic calendar | 804 BH – 803 BH |
| Japanese calendar | |
| Korean calendar | 2175 |
| Minguo calendar | 2070 before ROC 民前2070年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 385 |
Year 159 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Dolabella and Nobilior (or, less frequently, year 595 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 159 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.